ABSTRACT
An efficient and reproducible protocol for plantlet regeneration from nodal segments of Olive cv ‘Frontio’ has been developed. Media and explants browning due to exudation of phenolics from the explants were controlled by fortification of the medium with 100 mg/L ascorbic acid. Best establishment of olive explants was observed on half-strength MS salts fortified with 2.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), which resulted in 56.2% of bud break and 93.7% survival whereas, a combination of full strength MS medium with 1.0 mg/L each of 3-indole-butyric-acid (IBA) and kinetin was found to be the best for shoot multiplication, in terms of number of shoots (3.6 shoots/explant) and shoot length (2.2 cm). The in vitro shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium fortified with 0.2 mg/L IBA and 0.2 mg/L α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with 1.5 g/L activated charcoal, which supported optimum rooting (60 %), with an average of 2-3 roots/shoot, about 2.4 cm length were produced on four weeks of culture.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology , Olea/drug effects , Olea/physiology , Plant Roots/drug effects , Plant Roots/physiology , Plant Shoots/drug effects , Plant Shoots/physiology , Regeneration/drug effectsABSTRACT
The aim of this work was to study the influence of sucrose and glucose, amino acids and BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) levels on in vitro shoot regeneration of fox grape cv. Bordô and grapevine cv. Chardonnay. The nodal segments from micropropagated material were used as explants and half-strength MS medium as the basal medium. Sucrose and glucose at 15, 30 and 45 g.L-1 were tested as a carbon source and the supplementation of adenine, asparagine, alanine, glycine, cysteine, glutamine, arginine was tested at 40 g.L-1. The BAP levels (1 and 5 μM) in solid and double-phase media were evaluated and compared with a control medium without BAP. Bordô had best in vitro growth than Chardonnay. Sucrose was a better carbohydrate source than glucose for both the cultivars. Bordô and Chardonnay had different amino acid preferences for some parameters. In conclusion, for in vitro shoot regeneration from the nodal segments, culture on solid medium with 5 μM BAP, 15 g.L-1 sucrose for Bordô and 45 g.L-1 sucrose for Chardonnay showed better results. Similarly, the supplementation of 40 g.L-1 arginine for Bordô and 40 g.L-1 arginine or glycine for Chardonnay showed better results.
ABSTRACT
O mirtilo é uma promissora alternativa econômica que se adapta muito bem a pequenas propriedades. No entanto, o preço e a disponibilidades das mudas é o principal entrave desta atividade. A micropropagação é a técnica que vem sendo utilizada com sucesso para propagação de mudas de mirtilo. Com o objetivo de estabelecer in vitro cultivares de mirtilo (Vaccinium ashei Reade) para a micropropagação, foram realizados dois experimentos. No experimento I, testou-se a fonte de explante, (segmentos nodais retirados de ramos herbáceos lenhosos) em três cultivares de mirtilo. No experimento II verificou-se o comportamento dos explantes originados de ramos herbáceos na presença e ausência do regulador de crescimento AIA adicionado ao meio de cultivo, dentre sete cultivares. Aos 7, 14 e 21 dias de cultivo avaliou-se a percentagem de contaminação fúngica e bacteriana, além da percentagem de explantes oxidados. Aos 30 e 45 dias de cultivo, além das variáveis analisadas anteriormente, foi avaliado a sobrevivência e o estabelecimento dos explantes. Os resultados permitiram concluir que explantes originados de ramos herbáceos apresentaram menor oxidação fenólica e baixa percentagem de contaminação fúngica e bacteriana, proporcionando um elevado índice de estabelecimento para as cultivares testadas. A adição do regulador de crescimento AIA no meio de cultivo favoreceu o estabelecimento in vitro de mirtilo (Vaccinium ashei Reade).
Blueberry is a promising economic alternative that adapts very well in small farms. Nevertheless, the seedlings price and availability are the major obstacles of this field. Micropropagation is the more successful used technique for blueberry propagation. Therefore, two trials were carried aiming to establish in vitro some cultivars of 'blueberry' (Vaccinium ashei Reade) for further micropropagation. In the first trial, the source of explant of three cultivars was tested (nodal segments from herbaceous and woody branches). In the second trial, seven cultivars were assessed regarding to their explants behavior of herbaceous branches in the presence or non-presence of growth regulator (IAA) in the culture medium. At 7t, 14th and 21st day of cultivation the percentage of fungal and bacterial contamination and explants oxidation percentage were assessed. At 30th and 45th day of cultivation it was evaluated the explants survival and establishment, besides the variables assessed previously. The explants originated from herbaceous branches showed less phenolic oxidation and low percentage of fungal and bacterial contamination, providing high rates of in vitro plant establishment for the cultivars tested. The addition of IAA in the culture medium suited the in vitro establishment of blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade).